Jūros vaizdinių įvairovė lietuvių kompozitorių kūryboje
LTJūros tema yra ganėtinai dažna lietuvių kompozitorių kūryboje. Be jau klasika tapusių M. K. Čiurlionio simfoninės poemos ,,Jūra“, E. Balsio baleto ,,Eglė žalčių karalienė“, yra daugybė akademinės muzikos kūrinių. M. Petrausko opera ,,Eglė žalčių karalienė“, J. Gruodžio baletas ,,Jūratė ir Kastytis“ ir kiti kūriniai įrodo, kad jūros vaizdinys lietuvių kompozitorių muzikoje visais laikais buvo žmogaus dvasinės būsenos išraiška. Remiantis lietuvių kompozitorių kūrybos pavyzdžiais, straipsnyje bus aptarta keletas skirtingų jūros vaizdinių, taip pat bus atskleistos aplinkybės, galimai turėjusios įtakos tokiems vaizdiniams: kūrėjų biografijos detalės, kultūrinė aplinka. Reikšminiai žodžiai: jūra, kompozitoriai, muzika, vaizdiniai. [Iš leidinio]
ENThe sea is a fairly common object in the works of Lithuanian composers. Different paintings of the sea by Lithuanian composers are not illustrative. Based on the examples of Lithuanian composers’ works, different images of the sea can be distinguished. The sea, as the image of metaphysical experience, is found in M. K. Čiurlionis’ symphony poem “Jūra” and in a triptych for the piano “Marės”. Although the composer visited the sea only a few times, the sea was deeply engraved in his memory. According to Prof. Landsbergis, his sea is like an embodiment of human thinking, feelings, and moods. As the associations of psychological content, the sea is also expressed in the works of composer E. Balsys. The sea becomes a symbol of freedom in the opera “Juodas laivas” by the expatriate composer J. Kačinskas (1975, libretto by A. Landsbergis). The plot of the opera reveals the story about S. Kudirka (1930–2023), a Lithuanian sailor-radioman, who applied for political asylum in opposition to the Soviet occupation regime in 1970 during a meeting of the heads of the U.S. and USSR fishing organizations, but the officers forcibly returned him to the USSR ship. In J. Kačinskas’ opera, the depiction of events is abstract – the specific place and time of the action are not indicated here, and the characters are Wife, Mother, Sea, Sailor, etc. In the symbolic plot, the Sea becomes not only a prophet of death but also a herald of freedom. The contaminated sea becomes a reflection of human spiritual poverty in the opera-performance “Saulė ir jūra” created by three Lithuanian artists, R. Barzdžiukaitė, L. Lapelytė, and V. Grainytė. In 2019, at the Venice Biennale, this work was awarded “The Golden Lion”.The performance takes place on an artificial beach poured on stage. The image and the literary text are well known to many: holidaymakers sunbathing on the beach, a wealthy mother, a workaholic, etc. In this philosophical work, the garbage-polluted sea represents the human spiritual state impoverished by consumer culture. This modern opera tells about general human fatigue and consumerism. The repertoire of popular music includes a whole bunch of songs where the sea becomes the birthplace of romantic feelings. In the classics of Lithuanian popular music: A. Raudonikis’ “Jūros paslaptys” (words by E. Selelionis), B. Gorbulskis’ “Saulėtos burės” (words by S. Žlibinas), E. Balsys’ “Išplaukiant” (words by V. Bložė), and in other songs, the sea becomes a place where lovers meet/separate, they are full of poetic similes – lovers are compared to ships coming together and separating, love – to a sail, etc. Thus, in the works of Lithuanian musicians, the sea becomes a picture of various human spiritual experiences, symbolically conveying a person’s spiritual state and the worldview of society. [From the publication]
