Kuršių nerijos istorijos muziejai - jūrinės kultūros paveldo saugotojai

LTKuršių nerijoje istorijos muziejus, puoselėjantis istorijos ir meno vertybes, tęsia pirmojo muziejaus Kuršių nerijoje tradiciją. Moderni muziejų samprata pripažįsta, kad muziejai yra svarbi platesnio visuomenės mokymosi ir žinių institucija, todėl šiame straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti pokyčius adaptuojant naujas idėjas Neringos muziejų praktikoje. Įvertinant muziejininkystės patirtį specifinėje erdvėje – Kuršių nerijos pusiasalyje, kur jūrinis kultūros paveldas skleidėsi gyvenimo dviejose pakrantėse formomis, siekiama naujais metodais, išnaudojant šiuolaikinių technologijų galimybes suformuoti įtaigius informacijos perteikimo įrankius muziejų veikloje. Šių tikslų yra siekiama per keturių su jūrinės kultūros paveldu susijusių Neringos muziejų padalinių (Nidos žvejo etnografinės sodybos, Kuršių nerijos istorijos muziejaus, Rašytojo Thomo Manno memorialinio muziejaus ir Nidos švyturio) veiklą: naujų ekspozicijų kūrimą, eksponatų kaupimą, mokslines konferencijas, edukacijas, ekskursijas, leidybą, viešas paskaitas, teminius renginius ir t. t. Reikšminiai žodžiai: jūrinės kultūros paveldas, Kuršių nerija, Neringos muziejai, Nidos švyturys, Nidos žvejo etnografinė sodyba. [Iš leidinio]

ENThe History Museum, which upholds the values of history and art, in the Curonian Spit, continues the tradition of the first museum in the Curonian Spit. A number of publications have been written about the first museum in the Curonian Spit – Nehrungsmuseum, which reflected the lifestyle of fishermen and welcomed visitors almost a century ago (1933). This museum remained open until the end of the Second World War before coming to a tragic end. The modern concept of museums acknowledges that museums are an important institution of wider public learning and knowledge, therefore this article aims to reveal changes in the adaptation of new ideas in the practice of Neringa Museums. Taking into account the experience of museology in a specific space – the Curonian Spit peninsula – where the marine cultural heritage has spread through the forms of living on two shores, the aim is to use new methods to employ the possibilities of modern technologies to form powerful information conveyance tools in museum activities. These aims have been achieved through the activities of four divisions of Neringa Museums related to maritime cultural heritage (Nida Fisherman’s Ethnographic Homestead, Curonian Spit History Museum, Thomas Mann Museum and Nida Lighthouse): the creation of new exhibitions, the collection of exhibits, scientific conferences, educations, excursions, publishing, public lectures, thematic events, etc. In 2016, during the reorganization of Neringa History Museum, three museums were merged and the institution Neringa Museums was established, which aims to supplement the museum’s funds. The important tradition of donations for the activities of Neringa Museums has been developed further. Exhibits arrive from Lithuania, Germany, Sweden, etc.Over the past few years, Neringa Museums have acquired a number of authentic souvenirs that testify to the attractiveness of the history of Curonian Spit resorts. In many cases, the word Ostseebad (a seaside resort in the Baltic) was written on these souvenirs in German. Since the 19th century, such resorts were Schwarzort (Juodkrantė) and Sandkrug (Smiltynė), whilst in the early 20th century – Nida. These latest exhibits of Neringa Museums testify that not only the ethnic tradition of fishermen is a reflection of the maritime culture of the peninsula. Between 2016 and 2022, Neringa Museum funds were supplemented with 896 units, and around 10 units were purchased annually by 2016. In 2021, Neringa Museums were enriched by another object that particularly attracts visitors – Nida Lighthouse, which began to serve maritime interests in 1953. From July 9, 2020, anyone who wishes may climb the lighthouse and admire the breathtaking view of the landscape, which is framed by the sea and the lagoon. Nida Lighthouse is a navigational sign, recorded in the books of light signs of the world, marked on celestial charts, described in books of sailing directions.The unique experience of the people who lived in the Curonian Spit over the centuries was also brought to new attention by the international project “Immanuel Kant and Thomas Mann: genius loci – the local spirit” implemented by Neringa Museums in 2022, which enabled the creation of a new interactive exhibition presenting the most prominent moments of Curonian Spit history from the Stone Age to the present day with numerous highlights of maritime cultural heritage. Today, Neringa Museums has four objects, a lot of creative energy and daily efforts to continue the important mission of Curonian Spit museums as the custodians of marine heritage. The funds of Neringa Museums store a number of exhibits related to the unique heritage of history – people’s lives on two shores: by the lagoon and by the sea. [From the publication]