English anatomical terms, their latin and Lithuanian equivalents by structure inthe human body book

ENLatin was a universal scientific language. Early anatomists described the structures they saw in that language, comparing them to common and familiar objects, or borrowing terms from the Greek and Arabic masters before them. In anatomic terminology, common Latin or Greek words are used as such for any part of the body for which the ancients had a name. For many other structures, scientific names have been invented either by using certain classical words which appear to be descriptive of the part concerned, or commonly, by combining Greek or Latin roots to form a new compound term (Lisowski, Oxnard, 2007). This research is based on the use of anatomical terms in the textbook "The Human Body Book", published by Steve Parker, who offers a view towards practical anatomy. Medical terms in the textbook can be basically divided into one-word and multi-word terms. One-word terms can be simple words, derived words, compounds, or a combination of derived and compound words. Compound anatomical terms can consist of two and five words. More than a half of one-word English anatomical terms are formed on the basis of the English lexis. Most English compound anatomical terms are formed using the terms of Latin or Greek languages. Two-word compound terms form one small group of word combinations used in the scientific language. There are few four-word and five-word terms in the analysed source. No six-to-eight-word compound terms were found. The object of the article is the relations between English, Latin and Lithuanian one-word and compound anatomical terms.The purpose of the article is to reveal the similarities and differences between compound English, Latin and Lithuanian anatomical terms by structure of components. To achieve the purpose, the following research tasks are set: 1. To review the development of Latin anatomical terminology; 2. To compare English, Latin and Lithuanian compound anatomical terms according to the diversification of structure of components; 3. To systematize diversification aspects of components of English, Latin and Lithuanian terms. Research methods. The method of theoretical analysis examines scientific literature, comparative analysis of terms enables systematization and generalization of English, Latin and Lithuanian anatomical terms in the resources. Key words: multi-component terms, English anatomical terms by structure, English, Latin and Lithuanian compound terms, grammatical configurations. [From the publication]

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