Pagrindiniai darbo atmosferos kokybę ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigoje lemiantys veiksniai

LTStraipsnyje pateikiama mokslinės literatūros apžvalga apie švietimo srityje vykstančius pokyčius skiriant išskirtinį dėmesį darbuotojui, nes būtent žmogiškieji ištekliai tampa svarbiausiu veiksniu, lemiančiu organizacijos veiklos efektyvumą. Ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigoms ypač svarbi tinkama, patraukli bei pozityvi darbo atmosfera. Jau seniai diskutuojama, kad darbuotojų produktyvumui ir sėkmingam darbui nebeužtenka vien suteikiamų darbo priemonių ar priedų prie atlyginimo. Šių laikų mokytojams reikalingas puikus mikroklimatas, geri santykiai su kolegomis ir vadovais. Vykdytuose tyrimuose taikyti mokslinės literatūros, dokumentų analizės, apklausos žodžiu metodai. Lyginamoji tyrimo rezultatų analizė atskleidė, kad ikimokyklinio ugdymo pedagogų ir vadovų nuomonės sutampa, t. y. ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose darbo atmosferos kokybę sąlygoja socialiniai ir psichologiniai veiksniai. Juose atsispindi vadovų požiūris į personalą, kolektyvo formavimas, konfliktų tikimybės mažinimas ir kt. Tyrimo rezultatai taip pat parodė, kad ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose, kuriose dirba informantai, yra palankios darbo sąlygos, palanki aplinka, kurioje darbuotojai jaučiasi saugiai, turi galimybę tobulėti, kelti kvalifikaciją ir kt. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaiga, darbo atmosfera, kokybė, veiksniai. [Iš leidinio]

ENResearch problem: Living in a world of eternal change, rapidly changing society and technology, and changing attitudes toward job satisfaction. Job satisfaction and motivation determine the long-term growth of the education system worldwide. The work that a person loves in modern society is the essence of life. While this is a key factor in success, attractive work does not in itself guarantee good emotions in the work environment. Constant change of the education system also requires the pedagogue's flexibility, ability to adapt, update his knowledge, abilities and skills. People working in preschools also inevitably face the challenges of change, are often forced to work harder, have to cope with stress at work, feel insecure, vulnerable and underestimated. For these and other reasons, there is a negative attitude towards work and the quality of work suffers, therefore, in order to successfully survive in the conditions of increasingly intense competition, heads of pre-school education institutions should try to understand employees' behavior, identify their needs and ensure proper motivation. Research object: the factors that determine the quality of the work atmosphere in the preschool education institution. Research aim: to reveal the main factors determining the quality of the work atmosphere in a preschool education institution. Research methods: Theoretical: analysis of scientific literature to theoretically substantiate the main factors determining the quality of work atmosphere in a pre-school education institution; empirical: qualitative research to determine the main factors determining the quality of the work atmosphere in a pre-school education institution; qualitative analysis, systematization, comparison and generalization of research data.Methodology of investigation: The aim of the research is to investigate the main factors that determine the work atmosphere in a preschool education institution. Selected research method survey (oral)-partially structured interview with two target groups i. y. teachers and heads of preschool education institutions. The oral interview was conducted individually with the consent of each teacher and head of the institution. The study was conducted in two phases: in 2020. Educated teachers, 2021 - heads of institutions. The ethics of conducting a qualitative study were followed during the study. Conclusions. An analysis of the scientific literature has revealed that scientists have developed a number of interpretive models based on the concept of the working atmosphere and interpret it through different prisms. Different authors distinguish many similar characteristics when describing the work environment: it is the internal environment of the organization that is felt by the members of the organization and influences their behavior. Ensuring a favorable working environment and employee well-being, the following positive consequences for the employee and the organization are recorded: good physical and mental health of the employee; loyalty to the organization; higher productivity at the individual, organizational and state levels. A comparative analysis of the research results revealed that the quality of the work atmosphere in pre-school education institutions is determined by social and psychological factors.They reflect the attitude of managers towards the staff, individual personalities, educate the team, and reduce the likelihood of conflicts. The results of the research showed that there are favorable working conditions in pre-school education institutions, a favorable environment in which employees feel safe, have the opportunity to improve, improve their qualifications, and employees are integrated into the team. A preschool institution is a unique organization because the head of an educational organization and educators have similarly the same professional training and a similar scale of values and experience. The position and leadership of the supervisor is one of the factors that determine the quality of the pre-school work atmosphere. Employees feel part of the institution and can contribute to the changes that take place in the educational institution. Strengthens their work motivation, employees become the face of the institution and ambassadors. Key words: preschool education institution, work atmosphere, quality, factors. [From the publication]

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