Tėvų ir pedagogų požiūris į ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų drausminimą

LTStraipsnyje pateikiama mokslinės literatūros apžvalga, nagrinėjanti ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų drausminimo problemą: analizuojami drausminimo būdai, galimybės bei požiūris į bausmes bei skatinimą. Atliktas tyrimas nustatė, kad ugdymo procese taikomi drausminimo metodai gali tapti vaikų netinkamo elgesio drausminimo galimybėmis: pagyrimai, vaidmenų žaidimai, matytų istorijų, filmukų aptarimas, kūrinio inscenizacija. Svarbu, kad šeima bendradarbiautų su ugdymo įstaiga, ne slėptų ar neigtų vaikų nepaklusnumo problemą. Straipsnyje remiamasi nuostata, kad tik bendra šeimos ir pedagogų veikla gali duoti pozityvių rezultatų šiuo klausimu. Straipsnyje akcentuojama, kad ugdymo procese taikomi drausminimo metodai galėtų tapti vaikų netinkamo elgesio drausminimo galimybėmis: pagyrimai, vaidmenų žaidimai, matytų istorijų, filmukų aptarimas, kūrinio inscenizacija. Literatūros analizė bei atliktas tyrimas rodo, kad ikimokyklinių vaikų ugdyme drausminimui tenka svarbi vieta – ši problema aktuali, o jos sprendimo būdai – sudėtingi bei reikalaujantys iš šeimos ir pedagogų vieningo veikimo, abipusių pastangų bei kūrybiškumo taikant bausmes bei skatinimus kasdieninėje veikloje su ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikais. Raktažodžiai: ikimokyklinis amžius, drausminimas, bausmės, skatinimas, bendradarbiavimas. [Iš leidinio]

ENRelevance of the topic. With the chage of human thinking, values, attitude towards the child,some ways to discipline children are being changed to the new ones, therefore the topic of children upbringing in the family cannot be fully examined. The ones who are related to the education of children have to implement some ways to discipline children. By the ways to discipline children grown-ups try to improve their behaviour. The preschool education consists not solely of positive relationship aspects (permissions, praise, encouragements), but also it consists of negative aspects (reprimands, prohibitions, punishments). Justification of the problem. Physical punishments and violence have recently become crucially important in our country. It is necessary to carry out scientific researches on this topic, find out if the attitude towards the implementation of punishments has changed, if the educators and parents are interested in the ways and possibilities to discipline preschool children The paper examines the issue of possibilities and ways to discipline preschool children. Research object – possibilities and ways to discipline preschool children. Rsearch purpose - reveal possibilities and ways to discipline preschool children. Research goals: Support theoretically possibilities and ways to discipline preschool children; Reveal educators and parents‘ attitudes towards the possibilities and ways to discipline preschool children and the implementation of punishment. The methods of the Research: the analysis of scientific literature and the data, questionnaires, and interviews.The research is controlled. 69 parents from „X“ school, various preschool groups were randomly selected to take part in the research.The research revealed that families apply various forms to control children‘s unwanted behaviour such as instructrions or the prohibition of favourite toys. The most common positive methods of discipline are the restriction of pleasurable things and privilegies. The educators most often use „the chair of complacency“ and conversations. Children are most often disciplined during the games when they do not fallow agreements and rules Children are punished by different means. Educators are against physical punishments. In camparison of parents‘ questionnares and educators‘ interviews the conclusion can be drawn that physical punishments are more common than parents admit to. Parents tend to tell educators and children themselves talk about it. Often methods of disciplining children only temporarily eliminate child misbehavior. The methods used in the educational process could become opportunities for disciplining children's misbehavior: praise, role-plays, discussion of stories seen, videos, staging of the work. Key words: pre-school education, discipline preschool children, educational function of the family. [From the publication]