Kai kurie vyriausybės aktų konstitucingumo kontrolės klausimai

LTKonstitucijoje nustatyta, kad Vyriausybė gali priimti nutarimus, sprendimus, rezoliucijas. Konstitucijoje taip pat vartojamas „Vyriausybės akto“ terminas. Konstitucinė doktrina, kurioje aiškinamas šių skirtingų terminų turinys ir jų tarpusavio santykis, keitėsi. Keitėsi ir konstitucinė doktrina, atskleidžianti, kokių Vyriausybės aktų atitiktį Konstitucijai gali tirti Konstitucinis Teismas. Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti, kaip buvo koreguojama nurodyta doktrina, kokios aplinkybės lėmė jos pokyčius, koks jos dabartinis turinys. Parodoma, kad šiuo metu esanti doktrina yra visiškai priešinga doktrinai, kuri buvo suformuota Konstitucinio Teismo veiklos pradžioje. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vyriausybės aktai, konstitucingumo kontrolė, Konstitucinio Teismo įgaliojimai, konstitucinė doktrina, doktrinos pokyčiai. [Iš leidinio]

ENThe Constitution uses various terms to describe legal acts adopted by the Government: a resolution, a decision of the Government, as well as the term “act of the Government”. The constitutional doctrine, which reveals the content of those different terms and their interrelationships, has changed. The changes in the doctrine were determined by the fact that, on 13 July 2013, the Constitution was supplemented with the Constitutional Act on Membership of the Republic of Lithuania in the European Union. The previous doctrine was modified in the sense that the decisions of the Government that it adopts in expressing the position of the Republic of Lithuania on proposals for the adoption of legal acts of the European Union are not a general concept, but a type of legal acts adopted by the Government. The official constitutional doctrine formulated by the Constitutional Court at the beginning of its activity – according to which, under Article 105 of the Constitution, the Constitutional Court had the power to investigate only the constitutionality of effective laws and other effective legal acts, and thus only the acts of the Government in force – was constitutionally unfounded. Such an interpretation of Article 105 of the Constitution was incompatible with other articles of the Constitution, inter alia, with Paragraph 1 of Article 30 of the Constitution, according to which “A person whose constitutional rights or freedoms are violated shall have the right to apply to a court”, as well as Paragraph 2 of Article 110 of the Constitution, according to which “In cases when there are grounds to believe that a law or another legal act that should be applied in a concrete case is in conflict with the Constitution, the judge shall suspend the consideration of the case and shall apply to the Constitutional Court, requesting that it decide whether the law or another legal act in question is in compliance with the Constitution”.The said official constitutional doctrine, pointing out the types of laws and other legal acts, and, thus, the types of acts of the Government whose constitutionality can be investigated by the Constitutional Court, has been radically changed over time: a completely opposite doctrine has been formulated, according to which the Constitutional Court also has the power to investigate the constitutionality of non-effective legal acts, and, thus, of non-effective acts of the Government, as well as the constitutionality of such laws and other legal acts that have been adopted and officially published, regardless of the date of the beginning of the application of those laws or other acts (or parts thereof). The changes in the official constitutional doctrine were determined by the necessity to increase the possibilities of implementing the rights and freedoms of persons and their legitimate interests, the necessity to better defend and protect the values enshrined in the Constitution, and the need to ensure that no legal act (or part thereof) conflicting with higher-ranking legal acts, first of all, with the Constitution, would have immunity from the removal of the legal system. Keywords: acts of the Government, constitutional review, powers of the Constitutional Court, constitutional doctrine, changes in the doctrine. [From the publication]

• Administracinė teisė : bendrieji teorijos klausimai, valdymo aktų institutas, ginčo santykių jurisprudenciniai aspektai / Arvydas Andruškevičius ; Vilniaus universiteto Teisės fakultetas. Vilnius : Registrų centras, 2008. 399 p.
• Alternatyvi konstitucinė teisė / Egidijus Šileikis. Vilnius : Teisinės informacijos centras, 2005. 603 p.