ENThe paper is devoted to the birth of the Philomath myth, namely the shaping of cultural memory about imprisonment, investigation and following it deportation from Lithuania to exile into Russia of a group of Vilnius interns, students and professors in 1823 and 1824. The author of the paper focuses on announcing and first accounts of so-called Philomath and Filaret trial, the associations to which, traditionally, an anonymous brochure published during the Polish November Insurrection "Nowosilcow w Wilnie w roku szkolnym 1823/24" (Novosilcov in Vilnius in the Schoolyear 1823/24, 1831) by, as was later proven, Joachim Lelewel, and Adam Mickiewicz’s "Dziady" (Forefathers’ Eve) part III (1832) belonged. As based on those autobiographical accounts, and also on the regained manuscript of "Nowosilcow w Wilnie", the author formulates a thesis about the existence of pre-Mickiewicz, nameless, collective memory about the Philomaths strengthened, and also substantially changed by the issuing of "Dziady" part III. [From the publication]