LTThe attempt by Stanislaw August Poniatowski (1764-95) 'to create anew the Polish world' was one of the most audacious enterprises of reform undertaken by any enlightened monarch in the eighteenth century. None started in less promising circumstances. Politically the King was trapped between aRussian protectorate and a nobility wedded to its anarchic liberty. The beginnings of the Polish Enlightenment had yet to make more than ripples on the stagnant waters of Polish culture. Yet by 1791, Poland-Lithuania had made a huge cultural advance, and had given herself a constitution admiredacross Europe. Tragically for Poland, her neighbours then destroyed much of these achievements and partitioned the country out of existence. Stanislaw August died in exile, cursed by most of his compatriots to this day. In Poland's Last King', Richard Butterwick reassesses the achievement of Poland's last and most controversial king. He shows how Stanislaw's radical plans for reform of Poland's constitution and culture were profoundly influenced by his love of England, and examines the successes and limitations ofthe Polish Enlightenment.Reikšminiai žodžiai: Konstitucija, 1791; Abiejų Tautų Respublika (ATR; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów; Žečpospolita; Sandrauga; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth); Anglija; Anglijos kultūra; Anglofilija; Anglų kultūra; Apšvieta; Austrija (Austria); Gegužės 3 konstitucija; Karalius; Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė. Kingdom of Poland. Poland); Abiejų Tautų Respublika (ATR; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów; Žečpospolita; Sandrauga; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth); Prūsija; Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis (Stanisław August Poniatowski); Valstybės reformos; 18 amžius; Anglophilia; Constitution of 3 May; Constitution of May 3, 1971; England; English culture; Enlightenment; King; Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth; Prussia; Stanislaw August Poniatowski; State Reforms; XVIII c. history; Rusija (Russia).