ENThis paper analyses the theoretical aspects of music teachers' competence and the results of the empirical research obtained by means of a quantitative study. 160 principals from Lithuania and 7 from the USA have participated in the research. During the research The Competence of Subject's Content Planning and Improving was revealed: the ability of music teachers to prepare a curriculum based on documents regulating education; to formulate the aims and the objectives of teaching (learning) music; to select proper teaching (learning) methods appropriate for achieving the aims of teaching (learning); to prepare more interesting and attractive teaching (learning) materials; to plan the process of education in advance, integrating other subjects into the content of education. Furthermore, the Competence of Managing the Process of Teaching (Learning) was defined: the targeted application of modern technologies in teaching (learning); the ability to provide accessible and comprehensible educational content and necessary information, various educational strategies that develop learners' critical thinking; problem-solving; creativity; and participation in developing and implementing the curriculum for learners with special needs. Keywords: approach of heads of schools, music education, competences of music teachers. [From the publication]