Apie Žemaitiją ir žemaičius latviškai: lingvokultūrologinis aspektas

Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Apie Žemaitiją ir žemaičius latviškai: lingvokultūrologinis aspektas
Alternative Title:
On Žemaitija and Žemaitijans in Latvian: a linguistic and cultural research approach
In the Journal:
Summary / Abstract:

LTLietuvos regionų, skiriamų pagal įvairius - teritorinius, kultūrinius, etnografinius, etninius, istorinius - kriterijus (dar vadinamų etninėmis sritimis, etniniais kraštais ar pan.), pristatymas užsienyje (užsienio kalbomis) gali būti nagrinėjamas įvairiais aspektais, tarp jų ir lingvistiniu bei kultūrologiniu, t. y. lingvokultūrologiniu, aspektu. Tyrimo tikslas - aptarti Žemaitijos, vieno iš penkių etnografinių regionų, tikrinių žodžių (onimų) perteikimą, regiono ir jo gyventojų įvaizdžio apibūdinimą bei tautinių realijų pavadinimų vartoseną tekstuose latvių kalba. Taikant lingvistinę ir etnolingvistinę analizę, aiškinamasi, kaip latviškai pristatomi ir apibūdinami: 1) Žemaitijos geografiniai objektai; 2) žemaičių kilmės asmenybės; 3) žemaičio įvaizdis ir jo kalbėjimas; 4) regionui būdingos tautinės realijos. Nagrinėjant tikrinius žodžius - vietovardžius (toponimus) ir asmenvardžius (antroponimus), dėmesys kreipiamas į jų perteikimą bei vartoseną, kalbant apie įvaizdį remiamasi kalbinės raiškos priemonėmis - pavartotais būdvardžiais, vaizdingais pasakymais ir pan., o aptariant kalbėjimą bei tautines realijas, pasitelkiami platesni kontekstai, kuriuose išryškinamas regiono savitumas. [Iš straipsnio, p. 159]

ENThe aim of the research is to discuss the characterisation of the image of Žemaitija, one of the five ethnographic regions, and its residents, the rendering of Zemaitijan proper names, and the use of national realia, in writings in the Latvian language. The research material was collected from Lithuanian-Latvian and Latvian-Lithuanian dictionaries, thesauruses, and informative and journalistic pubheations. In the case of proper names, correctly rendered place names, i.e., the names of residential locations, rivers, lakes and hills, dominate. However, some inaccuracies occur in their phonetic transcription: cases of incorrectly indicated palatalisation of consonants (or more rarely, cases of long vowels), or the variation of consonants. Members of word families are used next to proper names: pilsėta, pilsetina to name a city, a small town; upe, upite, eyers to name bodies of water; and kalns, pilskalns to name hills and mounds. In the first names and family names of people who contributed significantly at various times to the history and culture of Žemaitija, as in the case of place names, long vowels and the palatalisation of consonants are sometimes indicated incorrectly, and in some cases they are imprecisely grammatised. When discussing personal names, aspects of linguistic and cultural research merge: Latvian translations of some texts by writers who came from Žemaitija are presented, and the contribution of several translators to the dissemination of Lithuanian literature in Latvia is emphasised.It can be concluded that there is no difference between the use of onomastics in Žemaitija and other ethnographic regions of Lithuania, because the same rules are valid in the adaptation of Lithuanian proper nouns in their rendering in Latvian. The article deals with all the place names and proper names of one region. To characterise the Zemaitijans, Latvian writings use many words with both positive and negative connotations. Piety, courage, morality, obstinacy (in a positive way), good-naturedness, calmness, taciturnity, gloominess, etc, are emphasised. Much attention is paid to the speech of Zemaitijans, calling it a language in Latvian writings, whereas in bilingual dictionaries, thesauruses, etc, it is called a dialect. The similarity between the Žemaitijan and the Latvian languages is quite often emphasised; this feature allows Latvians to understand Žemaitijans more easily than people from other regions of Lithuania. This is obvious from the examples of the meanings of words presented. The diversity of names of national realia, the lexis of non-equivalents, is not high; however, both the breed of horse žemaitukas and Žemaitijan dishes are usually given Latvianised names, sometimes giving a descriptive explanation, as is observed in the sources investigated. [From the publication]

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Updated:
2023-06-07 18:02:56
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