LTVokiškoji kraštovaizdžio architektūros mokykla ir tradicija turi savitą raišką. Vokiškoji kraštovaizdžio formavimo, sodų meno tradicija turėjo įtakos ir kitose Europos šalyse, tiek kaimyninėse, tiek atokiau esančiose. Straipsnyje analizuojama šios tradicijos – pedagoginės, praktinės ir kūrybinės veiklos organizavimo, meninės raiškos – aspektai Europos šalyse ir Lietuvoje. Reikšminiai žodžiai: kraštovaizdžio architektūra, Georg Kuphaldt, Johann Larass, Karališkoji sodininkystės mokykla Berlyne. [Iš leidinio]
ENThe German tradition of landscaping and garden art had an influence on other European countries, both neighbouring and distant ones. The article analyses the aspects of this tradition – organization of pedagogical, practical, and creative activities, artistic expression – in European countries and Lithuania. The tradition of the German school of horticulture, gardening, and landscaping dates to 1824, when was founded Royal gardening school at the Wildpark-Potsdam. The masters of German tradition of gardening and landscape architecture, such as J. P. Lenné (1789–1866), G. Meyer (1816–1877), K. Petzold (1815–1891), J. Larass (1820–1893), J. Stübben (1845–1936), G. F. Kuphaldt (1853–1938) and others are presented in this article. All the masters of German landscape and urban planning discussed in the article wrote works whose ideas were relevant to contemporaries and remain relevant to the present. The books Lehrbuch der schönen Gartenkunst (1860, 1873; Textbook of beautiful garden) by G. Meyer or Landschaftsgärtnerei (1862, 1888; Landscape Gardening) by K. Petzold, and Städtebau (1890, 1907, 1924) by J. Stübben had a great influence on the development of landscape architecture in Europe. The design or gardening called the Lenné Meyer school are used both geometric forms and free-form styles in green spaces. K. Rauth’s project of the Botanical Garden in Kaunas (1924) is also presented and discussed. Examples of German rationality and analysis of landscape aesthetics can be found in the works and practical activities of L. Čibiras (1921–1992) and K. Jakovlevas-Mateckis (1929–2021). They successfully adapted the thoughts and theoretical generalizations of H. Göritz (1902–1998) and other authors.The restoration projects of the historical parks, formed according to the principles of German tradition and design, should encourage deepening the research of the German tradition of landscape design, and take an interest in the old works. The old aesthetic solutions, the assortment of plants are and must be an important part of the renovation projects of the historical parks. Keywords: Landscape architecture, Georg Kuphaldt, Johann Larass, Royal gardening school at Berlin. [From the publication]