ENThis article analyses trade relations between Livonia and Lithuania on the eve of the fateful January campaign in 1558. Economic relations of Livonia and Lithuania had a noticeable impact on the development of foreign policy relations. The territory of the Livonian Order became a part of the lands of the Polish-Lithuanian sovereign due to economic integration coupled with a gradual expanding of local borders. Keywords: Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Livonia, Poland, Lituanian-Livonian trade, Livonian War. [From the publication]