LTPagal Lietuvos Respublikos muitinės ikiteisminiuose tyrimuose sulaikytų prekių vertę eurais per pastaruosius trejus metus matomas ryškus tabako gaminių kontrabandos didėjimas, kurių vertė 2018 m. sudarė 19 mln. eurų, 2019 m. - 27 mln. eurų, 2020 m. - 59 mln. eurų. Vertinant kontrabandos mąstą pagal surinktų cigarečių pakelių pobūdį nustatyta, kad iš visų 2019-2020 m. surinktų tabako gaminių pakelių 27,3 proc. buvo neapskaityti. Auganti kontrabandos apimtis daro didelę žalą Lietuvos ekonomikai, gyventojų sveikatai, didėja visuomenės pakantumas šiai nusikalstamai veiklai. Užkardant ir tiriant tokio pobūdžio nusikaltimus svarbu analizuoti kontrabandininkų asmenybės ypatumus, išskirti svarbiausias kriminalines charakteristikas bei identifikuoti skirtingus cigarečių kontrabandininkų profilius. Šiuo tikslu buvo išanalizuota 60 bylų, 2015-2022 metais nagrinėtų Kauno apygardos teisme ir išskirta 99 asmenys, pripažinti kaltais dėl cigarečių kontrabandos. Remiantis teorine analize išskirtos 9 socialinės ir demografinės charakteristikos ir 14 kriminalinių charakteristikų. Naudojant dviejų žingsnių hierarchinę analizę išskirti bei išanalizuoti trys teoriškai bei empiriškai skirtingi cigarečių kontrabandininkų profiliai. [Iš leidinio]
ENBased on the value (in Euros) of goods seized within pre-trial investigations conducted by the Customs of the Republic of Lithuania, a sharp increase in the smuggling of tobacco products can be seen over the last three years, with the value amounting to 19 million Euros in 2018, 27 million Euros in 2019 and 59 million Euros in 2020. When assessing the volumes of smuggling on the basis of the nature of collected packs of cigarettes, it was found that out of all packs of tobacco products collected in 2019-2020, 27.3 percent were not accounted for. The growing volumes of smuggling cause substantial damage to the economy of Lithuania, the health of the population, and the tolerance of the public towards this criminal activity is increasing. When preventing and investigating this type of crime, it is important to analyse the personality characteristics of smugglers, to distinguish the most important criminal characteristics and to identify different profiles of cigarette smugglers. For this purpose, the analysis covered 60 cases, which were heard by the Kaunas Regional Court in 2015-2022, and singled out 99 persons who were found guilty of cigarette smuggling. The theoretical analysis distinguished 9 social and demographic characteristics and 14 criminal characteristics. Three theoretically and empirically different profiles of cigarette smugglers were distinguished and analysed using a two-step hierarchical analysis.The first cluster includes random/accidental persons who became involved due to presumably social factors, but who have no previous history of criminal behaviour, confess and regret having committed the crime, and the majority can be characterized positively. The second cluster includes career criminals who tend to constantly break the law or disrupt public order. Although none of them is characterized positively in the case file, the representatives of this group confess to the commission of the crime and regret having committed it. The third cluster includes those who do not regret their behaviour and do not take any liability, and tend to act in an organized group. Although they are relatively younger, it is this group that has the highest number of repeat offenders. Based on the socio-demographic characteristics of the sample of cigarette smugglers, it can be summarised that involvement in this criminal activity is the result of interaction between the personality and the situation. Persons without any professional qualifications or who have graduated from vocational schools have difficulty integrating both in the society (as evidenced by convictions and administrative fines) and in the labour market, and are easily tempted by the opportunity offered by their friends to get involved in the organization of cigarette smuggling. The age factor plays a special role: it is highly probable that younger cigarette smugglers are more likely to act in an organized group, do not admit guilt, do not regret the crime committed and are more likely to engage in criminal behaviour. [From the publication]