Lietuvos nacionalinio muziejaus archeologinės ekspedicijos: istorija, dabartis ir didžiausi atradimai

LTLietuvos nacionalinio muziejaus archeologinės ekspedicijos yra neatsiejama Lietuvos archeologijos istorijos dalis. XX a. septintojo dešimtmečio pradžioje pradėję rengti archeologines ekspedicijas, muziejaus archeologai tyrinėjo ir žvalgė apie 200 paminklų ir radaviečių visoje Lietuvoje. Archeologinių tyrimų metu aptikti radiniai svariai papildė muziejaus saugyklas ir ekspozicijas, o pačios ekspedicijos iki šiol nepraranda svarbos formuojant archeologijos rinkinį. Straipsnyje apžvelgiama ir nagrinėjama muziejaus archeologinių ekspedicijų istorija (1961–2020 m.), atskleidžiamos pagrindinės tyrimų kryptys, pristatomi svarbiausi ir didžiausią pėdsaką Lietuvos archeologijoje palikę tyrinėjimai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Lietuvos nacionalinis muziejus, archeologinė ekspedicija, archeologiniai tyrimai, archeologijos istorija. [Iš leidinio]

ENNational Museum of Lithuania is the main and largest repository of archaeological values in Lithuania. Every year, the museum’s collections are supplemented with thousands of archaeological finds from all over Lithuania. Many of them, like mass material or small unrecognizable fragments of artifacts, await researchers’ attention in the museum’s repositories, while others, which have become exhibits, complement the expositions and delight visitors of archaeological exhibitions. In this context, the research carried out by the museum’s archaeologists, reminiscent of the rich history of six decades, remains an integral and crucial part of the formation of the archaeological collection. Archaeological excavations of National Museum of Lithuania, which began at the beginning of the 7th decade of the 20th century, provided exceptional exhibits that complemented the display cases, and significant scientific discoveries were made during the expeditions. Part of the research received detailed publications, and the discovered finds became the object of further research. In total, between 1961 and 2020, the archaeologists of the museum researched and excavated about 200 monuments and cites of Stone and Iron Age as well as Modern Times throughout Lithuania. Although a large part of the archaeological expeditions was of a salvage heritage nature, purposeful research of the Stone Age settlements of Biržulis– Lūkstas lakes and Užnemunė, as well as medieval tombs in Central and Southern Lithuania allowed for the formation of separate research schools.Mesolithic and Neolithic cemeteries discovered in Donkalnis and Spiginas (both in Telšiai district), the grave of the leaders and participants of the uprising 1863–1864 found on the site of Vilnius Castle Hill is undoubtedly the most famous discoveries of the archaeological expeditions of National Museum of Lithuania. These explorations not only have left a clear mark on Lithuanian archaeology but also resonated widely at the international level. [From the publication]

• Archeologija / Archaeology
• Istorija / History